Sveti Jeronim - među najčitanijim autorima evropskog srednjovjekovlja

Piše: Jahja Muhasilović

Uloga ljudi sa naših prostora u definisanju evropske civilizacije se dokazala i u njenom dogmatskom aspektu. Jedna od ličnosti koja je odigrala ključnu ulogu u formulisanju Zapadnog Kršćanstva je sveti Jeronim. Po nekima rođen u Grahovom Polju, po drugima na prostoru današnje Hrvatske ili Slovenije. Neosporno je bio jedan od najvećih kršćanskih učenjaka svim vremena. Svojim znanjem i djelima koje je ostavio iza sebe zaslužio je da uđe među uzak krug tzv. "Crkvenih očeva." Sveti Jeronim je ušao u elitni krug kršćanske duhovnosti u kojoj su velikani poput svetog Augustina, Grgura Velikog ili Isidora Seviljskog.

Vrlo učen u kršćanskoj naobrazbi, od Pape Damaza je dobio zahtjevan zadatak revizije prethodne staro latinske Biblije. Shvativši ovaj poziv vrlo ozbiljno, seli se u Svetu zemlju, domovinu Biblije, tj. Betlehem, gdje usavršava znanje hebrejskog jezika. Nakon što Bibliju prevodi sa njenog izvornog hebrejskog, verzija prevoda koju je ostavio iza sebe, svetog Jeronima je uvela u red najvećih dogmatika u kršćanskoj povijesti. Njegov prevod Biblije na latinski jezik će poslije njegove smrti dobiti naziv Vulgata. Ono što je svetog Jeronima učinilo ličnošću koja je bitna u definisanju zapadno-kršćanske civilizacije, jeste to što je njegova Vulgata vremenom postala jednom od najčitanijih knjiga u Evropi tokom srednjeg vijeka. Biblija je dugo vremena bila najpopularnija knjiga Kršćanskog svijeta, te izvor pravnog sistema i duhovni stub srednjovjekovne evropske civilizacije, knjiga koja će definisati mnoge odlike ovog kulturno-civilizacijskog okvira, te ostaviti dubok utjecaj na najglobalniju civilizaciju u historiji. Stoga je zasluga svetog Jeronima kao jednog od najčitanijih autora evropskog srednjeg vijeka neosporna.

Vulgata svetog Jeronima je za mnogo vjekova bila duhovni izvor evropske duhovnosti, književnosti i pravnog sistema. Zbog svojih zasluga on spada u red historijskih ličnosti s naših područja koji su odigrali ključnu ulogu u usmjeravanju historijskih tokova i definiranju danas najdominantnije civilizacije. Broj usmjerivača civilizacijskih tokova koje je u ovom smislu plodni Balkan podario je zavidan.

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